Abbreviations ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease BMI: Body mass index CCI: Charlsons Comorbidity Index CGRD: Chang Gung Research Database CI: Confidence interval CKD: Chronic kidney disease DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis DKD: Diabetic kidney disease DM: Diabetes mellitus DPP-4is: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors DSCP: Diabetic Shared Care Program eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate EMR: Electronic medical record ESKD: End-stage kidney disease GLP-1RAs: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin HHS: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state HR: Hazard ratio ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecules 1 MACEs: Major adverse cardiovascular events MDRD: Modification of diet in renal disease MI: Myocardial infarction NHE3: Sodiumhydrogen exchanger 3 SGLT2is: Sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors SHR: Subdistribution hazard ratio STD: Standardized difference TNF: Tumor necrosis factor alpha UACR: Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 References Almourani R, Chinnakotla B, Patel R, et al
Scientific Reference 4 (Circadian / Microbiome Rhythm & Stability): Thaiss et al., Science (2016) This research highlights that disrupting circadianmicrobial oscillations impairs metabolic homeostasis, glucose regulation, microbial balance, and stability illustrating why long-term metabolic health requires rebuilding the microbiome and circadian/metabolic rhythms, not just using drugs
When you tan naturally, ultraviolet radiation causes stress and damage within the skin
Find out in the How to take section of our article about C15:0 fatty acid
Sweating during sauna sessions helps eliminate heavy metals (such as lead and cadmium), bisphenol A (BPA), and other environmental toxins, supporting liver and kidney function
