Particularly if someones got type 2 diabetes, they should be having once-a-year back-of-the-eye checks and understanding whether they might have additional risk factors, including their cup-to-disc ratio. According to the Database of Adverse Event Notifications, 36 cases of optic ischaemic neuropathy with GLP-1s have been identified, including 23 for semaglutide, 10 for tirzepatide and three for liraglutide
State of the clinical research For both compounds, the published clinical research in humans is limited: BPC-157 has not received approval as a medicine in any major regulatory jurisdiction (UK MHRA, EU EMA, US FDA)
Mitochondria are central to the regulation of apoptosis, with Cyt C functioning as a key pro-apoptotic molecule
Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, chronic stress, and processed food diets all rapidly deplete glutathione levels
PMID 19174439