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Recordings were made at room temperature in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) (pH 7.3, osmolarity 305 +/- 5 mOsm/kg) perfused at 2 mL/min containing 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, 10 mM glucose, 3 mM potassium chloride, 2 mM calcium chloride, and 1.3 mM magnesium chloride

Primary enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), play a crucial role in neutralizing free radicals

The cells initially mounted adaptive responses, upregulating enzymes involved in glutathione biosynthesis (RRM2, GSR, GCLM) and fatty acid degradation (ALDH1B1, ACADVL)

Stabilizing cell membranes and reducing oxidative stress helps shorten recovery and minimize scar tissue formation

5 This article was written by McKayla Narveson, PharmD Candidate in collaboration with Eric Christianson, PharmD, BCPS, BCGP 10 Commandments of Polypharmacy Webinar based on my experiences in clinical practice Vaqar S, Shackelford KB