Likewise, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed in a cross-sectional analysis of the oral microbiome across three cohorts: traditional cigarette smokers, smokeless tobacco users, and healthy controls, aiming to characterize tobacco-associated microbial signatures
Lead author Linda Bauld, professor of health policy at the University of Stirling, said: Recent studies have generated alarming headlines that e-cigarettes are leading to smoking
Moreover, it is unclear which of the participants used other forms of tobacco or electronic cigarettes
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